來源:網絡資源 2023-08-14 20:21:01
【知識要點】?
(一)不定冠詞a,an的用法如下:
?a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的詞前。
值得注意的是:
A. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個詞以元音字母u開頭就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。
B. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個詞以不發音的h開頭,而h后面第一個音的音素是元音因素,就用an。例如hour, honest。
C. 如果不定冠詞和名詞前有其他詞,不定冠詞的形式仍取決于它后面第一個詞的語音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。
1?表示人或事物的某一類(含義相當于一類事物的任何一個)?
Adictionary isauseful book.
Anunderground train can start and stop quickly.
2?用于表示數量、時間的名詞前,表示“一”的意思,但數的概念沒有one強烈。The plan will be ready in a day or two, onceaweek.
3.泛指某人或某物,但未具體說明何人、何物,如:
Aboy is waiting for me.
Give meapen, please.
4?用于某些固定短語中?
如:afew,alittle,alot of,anumber of, justaminute, inahurry, forawhile, foralong time,acup of,abottle of, havearest, haveatalk, haveafever, haveagood time, have(take)awalk, haveatoothache, takeabath, givealesson
(二)定冠詞用法如下:?
定冠詞的用法如下:
1.指彼此都知道的人或事物,如:
Openthedoor, please.
Go and closethewindow.
2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,如:
Thegirl in red is my sister.
Theman over there is our English teacher.
Thebook on the desk is mine.
3.指前面提到過的人或事物,如:
Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works inthefactory.
4.用在序數詞和形容詞最高級前,在方位詞前。如:
TheNile isthelongest river in the world.
He wonthefirst prize.
The sun rises intheeast.
5.用在某些名詞化的形容詞,過去分詞前,表示一類人或事物, 如:
therich,thesick,thenew ,thefalse
6.用在某些專用名詞前, 如:
theGreat Wall
thePeople’s Republic of China
theUnited Nations
the Netherlands
7.在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱的前面,如:
theNorth China Plain
theRocky Mountains
theYangtse River
8.在一些用語中,如:
in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time
(三)不用冠詞的情況?
1.專有名詞人名,地名,節日,月份,年份,星期和不可數名詞(一般指物質名詞和抽象名詞)前一般不用冠詞。如:
China, Beihai Park
2.名詞前面已有用作定語的this, that, my, your, some, any , no等代詞作定語時,不用冠詞。如:
The letter is from my father.
I have a book in my hand.
3.在復數名詞表示一類人或事物時,如:
Horses are useful animals.
Ilike cakes.
4.在節日名稱,(稱呼語和表示官銜的名詞前)星期、月份、季節前。如:
Today is Sunday.
Spring is the best season in the year.
Children’s Day
5.表示某一類人或事物的復數名詞前。?
6.球類,棋類,語言,三餐,游戲名稱和顏色前不加冠詞。如:
I like to play basketball.
We have lunch at school.
7.在表示家庭成員名稱,稱呼語,表示頭銜或職務的名詞前不加冠詞。
8. 在某些固定搭配和習慣用語中,如:
go to school , be in hospital, be in prison
注意下列詞組的區別, in fort of與in the front of, in hospital與in the hospital, at table與at the table, go to school與go to the school, a number of children=many children, The number of children =孩子的數量 ?
二、學習時需要注意的要點
(1)在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示機構名稱、組織名稱和家具的名詞前,用定冠詞和用不定冠詞意義有差異。用定冠詞強調處所,而不用定冠詞意義有所引申。比較:
at table就餐
at the table坐在桌邊
go to school去上學
go to the school 去這個學校
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在這家醫院
go to prison(違法而)進監獄
go to the prison到監獄
go to church做禮拜
go to the church到教堂
in class在課堂上
in the class在班級里
(2)在某些詞前用不同冠詞(定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞),意義大不相同,例如
a little/few有一點
little/few幾乎沒有
a number of許多
the number of ……的數目
in front of在……前面
in the front of在……前部
take place發生
take the place of 代替
out of the question根本不可能
out of question 沒有問題
the most beautiful最漂亮
most beautiful非常漂亮
for a moment片刻
for the moment暫時
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