2023年中考英語總復習語法之定語從句

定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。中考對定語從句的考查主要是關系詞的選擇。

考點一關系代詞的選擇

1. 由that 引導的定語從句，that既可指人也可物，在句中做主語或謂語動詞的賓語。

(1)—What are you looking for?

—I’m looking for the book you lent me yesterday.

A. that B. who

C. whose D. what

答案 A

2.由who, whom, whose 引導的定語從句，who 用做主語, whom 用做賓語，whose 用做定語。

(2) I hate people don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which

C. whose D. where

答案 A

3. 由which引導的定語從句, which代指物，在句中做主語或謂語動詞的賓語。

(3)Tony, tell me the result of the discussionyou had with your dad yesterday.

A. what B. which

C. when D. who

答案 B

考點二 關系副詞的選擇

由where引導的定語從句表示地點，when引導定語從句表示時間，where或when 相當于介詞+which。當把先行詞放回從句中，要加上一個介詞時，就用where或when，不需要加時就用which。

(4)I’ ll never forget the day the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech.

A. that B. which

C. when D. where

答案 D

(5)This is the school I studied three years ago.

A. where B. when

C. that D. which

答案 A

考點三 that 和which的區別

1.不用that而用which的情況

①在引導非限定性定語從句時。②介詞后不能用。③先行詞本身是that時。

(6)We depend on the land from we get our food.

A. that B. which

C. where D. what

答案 B

2.只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況

①不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。

(7)Is there anythingyou want to buy in the shop?

A. that B. when

C. who D. what

答案 A

②先行詞有all, every, some, any, much, no, few, little，the only, the very, the same, the last, just等詞修飾或序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級修飾時，只用that。

(8)One of the most interesting places in Yangzhouare often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.

A. what B. who

C. that D. which

答案 C

③先行詞既有人，又有物時。

(9)I can remember the persons and some pictures I saw in the room.

A. that B. which

C. what D. who

答案 A

④主句的主語是疑問詞who /which時，避免重復要用that.

(10)—Which is the dress you bought from Shanghai last week?

—The blue one. It’s beautiful, isn’t it?

A.which B. who

C. what D. that

答案 D

考點專練

1.I hate those ____ don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which

C. what D. where

2.Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there?

A. that B. which

C. whose D. who

3. The first thing___ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.

A. which B. that

C. why D. who

4. The girl ____won first place comes from Beijing Sunshine Middle School.

A. who B. which

C. what D. whom

5.—Have you seen a woman ____ hat is pink?

—Sorry. I didn’t notice that.

A. that B. what

C.which D. whose

6.—Where can I find some pictures offamouspeopleI can use in my English class?

—Well! Youfind themon the Internet.

A. which B. who

C. what D. whom

7. My grandparents like to live in a house ____ is not very big but bright and comfortable.

A. that B. where

C. what D. whose

8.—Where do you work, Mr Black?

—I worked in a shop ____ sells food and drinks.

A. what B. which

C. where D. who

9. Can you lend the book _____the other day?

A. that you talked

B. you talked about it

C. which you talked to

D. you talked about

10. Many peoplecan’t forget the timethe earthquake happened in Wenchuan.

A. when B. which

C. where D. why

11. —How about the book? It’s about English study.

—Oh, this is ____ I wanted.

A. the one what B. which

C. one which D. the one

12.—Where did you go last week?

—I went to Liu Shaoqi’s hometown and visited the house inhe was born.

A. that B. there

C. which D. where

13.The most important thing ____ we should do is to listen to the teachers carefully in class.

A. who B. which

C. that D. whom

14.I like to visit places ___ I can do a lot of outdoor activities.

A.which B. where

C. whether D. When

15. The city you visited last weekend was not the oneI once worked.

A. which; which B. where; which

C. which; where D. where; where

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