2019中考英語(yǔ)試卷：新興的學(xué)習(xí)方法更高效

Thisreport and other recent studies show that online learning, distancelearning, and selflearning in general, are not only moreconvenient, but, in fact, more effective than the classroom, forhigh school, college and adult learners. In the last decade, theInternet, the MP3 player, the iPhone, and other mobile devices,aswell as social networking sites, language exchange communities,online learning systems, university courses online and more, havechanged how we deal with knowledge. The walls of academia, and thecosts of learning, are crumbling before our eyes and ears。

本篇報(bào)道和其他近期研究都顯示普遍而言，網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程、遠(yuǎn)程教育和自學(xué)比起傳統(tǒng)高中、大學(xué)和成人教育模式等，不僅更加方便、而且效率更高。在過(guò)去的十當(dāng)中，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、mp3隨身聽(tīng)、iPhone、其他便攜式設(shè)備以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)、網(wǎng)上教育課程、高校網(wǎng)絡(luò)教程等等都改變了我們學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)的方式。高等教育的圍墻、大筆的學(xué)費(fèi)都在我們眼前崩塌。

For those who are conditioned to think that learning onlyhappens in a classroom, the world of selflearning can be a littledaunting. How do we best take advantage these newopportunities。

對(duì)于那些認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)只能在教室中進(jìn)行的人而言，自學(xué)可能會(huì)嚇怕他們。那么我們才能更有效率、更加準(zhǔn)確的答完中考英語(yǔ)試卷呢?下面以自學(xué)外語(yǔ)為例，為大家介紹一些小訣竅。

1. Get interested

第一步：對(duì)所學(xué)之物感興趣

Make no mistake. Your interest in the subject is the essentialdriver of success. You can't learn what you do not want to learn.Emotion is an important part of the learning process. If you areeven moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance.The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurableroutines, you may find that the subject grows on you. “L’appetitvient en mangeant” (the appetite comes with eating) as they say inFrench。

可別搞錯(cuò)了，興趣是成功學(xué)成某件事的根本要素!你不想學(xué)的東西當(dāng)然學(xué)不會(huì)。在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中保持熱情至關(guān)重要。所以如果你對(duì)某件事有些興趣，那就給自己一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì),初中化學(xué)。關(guān)鍵是要“開(kāi)始”!如果你能創(chuàng)造一些讓自己開(kāi)心的學(xué)習(xí)模式，那么就能好好開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)這門科目。就像他們?cè)诜ㄕZ(yǔ)里說(shuō)的那樣：吃著吃著就有胃口了!

很多同學(xué)因?yàn)榭疵绖』騽?dòng)漫而對(duì)英語(yǔ)、日語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的興趣，這就是一個(gè)很棒的開(kāi)始。如果你能抓住這個(gè)興趣，把興趣發(fā)展到語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中，你就不僅僅能得到看劇的快樂(lè)，更能為自己添加一種新的能力。不要擔(dān)心自己學(xué)不下來(lái)，總要給自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)開(kāi)始。

2. Expect problems and you won’t bedisappointed。

第二布：降低期望值，這樣就不會(huì)對(duì)自己失望

Don't expect to understand things, much less remember them,the first time you study them. Trust that things will get cleareras your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like ajigsaw puzzle or a crossword puzzle. As you start to put thepieces together, or string the words together, the full picturebecomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its ownschedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laiddown by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learnthan others. Some things just take longer to click in. Keep at it,and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult atfirst, will become second nature with time。

當(dāng)一開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，別指望能一下就全部理解、更別說(shuō)記住所有知識(shí)點(diǎn)了。要相信，隨著你了解越來(lái)越多的新知識(shí)、你的頭腦也會(huì)變得清晰起來(lái)。這就像是拼圖、或者填字游戲那樣：當(dāng)你把圖形一個(gè)一個(gè)拼起來(lái)、或是把單詞一一填進(jìn)去，整個(gè)大局就會(huì)清楚。大腦其實(shí)隨時(shí)都在學(xué)習(xí)，不過(guò)它也有自己的節(jié)奏。學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程是不會(huì)按照一個(gè)課程、或是老師給你規(guī)定的進(jìn)行的。有的東西比其他好學(xué)，有的東西就是需要花更多時(shí)間。堅(jiān)持下去，你慢慢就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些一開(kāi)始看上去很難的東西也會(huì)隨著時(shí)間變得簡(jiǎn)單了。

3. Cover the same ground from differentangles。

第三步：從不同的角度學(xué)習(xí)同一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。

Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with newinput from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how longyou focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. Ifyou are stuck, move on. Then cover the same general informationfrom a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or anonline lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roamingthe countryside, rather than a feedlot learner, just standing therein one spot, munching on the same bale of hay. The broader yourbase, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”， themore you know, the more you can learn。

在新知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，你的大腦會(huì)通過(guò)固有模式來(lái)接受新的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。有的時(shí)候，不管花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間對(duì)著一個(gè)科目，你就是記不住它。如果卡在這種時(shí)候，就略過(guò)它。跟著從其他的信息來(lái)源：比如不同的書籍、播客、線上課程或視頻來(lái)重新學(xué)習(xí)同一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。試著把自己變成一個(gè)“放養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——在知識(shí)的草原上四處周游;而不是“圈養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——只站在一個(gè)點(diǎn)上學(xué)習(xí)，反復(fù)咀嚼一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。看地越廣、就能學(xué)的輕松。就像是“有錢的更有錢”的道理那樣，你知道的越多、就能學(xué)的越多。

4. Anytime is learning time。

第四步：隨時(shí)都是學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間!

Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and variousmobile devices, not to mention good oldfashioned books andmagazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on thetrain, or while jogging. Have your learning with you while waitingin the doctor's office, or listen while checking out at thesupermarket. Anytime is learning time. Remember, you are learningthrough exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more likemoisture accumulation in a cloud, rather than building a brickwall。

一定要好好利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、iTunes和其他多種移動(dòng)便攜設(shè)備，更不用說(shuō)書籍和雜志這樣的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)資源啦!把那些“死時(shí)間”也都利用起來(lái)：開(kāi)車、坐火車、或者慢跑時(shí)都可以聽(tīng)課。在醫(yī)院排隊(duì)、或是超市等結(jié)賬的時(shí)候你有沒(méi)有在聽(tīng)課呢?其實(shí)隨時(shí)都可以是學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。記住，你要與學(xué)習(xí)材料耳鬢廝磨來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，而不是痛苦地一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)去啃材料。這個(gè)過(guò)程更像是一朵云的形成，是水汽的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)累計(jì);而不像砌一面墻那樣，把磚堆上去就好。

網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)就在于“隨時(shí)隨地”!只要有網(wǎng)絡(luò)，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間由你定。有的人適合早起，一清早最有效率;可有的人就是天生的夜貓子，早晨的學(xué)習(xí)效率無(wú)論如何都高不起來(lái)。現(xiàn)在都不用擔(dān)心了，你完全可以按照適合自己的時(shí)間點(diǎn)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)、來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。

5. Be a multimedia learner。

第五步：做一個(gè)多媒體學(xué)習(xí)者

The more varied your learning content, and the more varied theways in which you learn, the clearer the puzzle will become.Different learning activities suit different people, at differenttimes of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep yourinterest level up. Even if listening and reading work best for you,treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or gettogether with otherlearners. This will renew your batteries。

你學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容越多、來(lái)源越多，你就會(huì)對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)越清楚。不同的人適合不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法，每天的學(xué)習(xí)“興奮點(diǎn)”也不錯(cuò)。所以最好能找到自己的一套學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律來(lái)保持自己的“興奮度”。即便聽(tīng)和讀是你習(xí)慣的學(xué)習(xí)方式，也要讓自己試著去聽(tīng)聽(tīng)看視頻的演講、或是跟其他學(xué)習(xí)者交流。這會(huì)讓你重新充滿精力!

6. Join learning communities。

第六步：加入學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)

The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of thepast. Join a learning community on the web, where members sharetheir knowledge and experience. Search for the communities thatsuit your interests and learning style. You will findencouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, as well asfrom tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you canmeasure your progress against your own goals, or compare yourexperience with that of other learners. You can even teach and helpothers, which is a great way to learn。

“遠(yuǎn)程教育是孤獨(dú)的”概念已經(jīng)成為過(guò)去。現(xiàn)在你可以加入一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)，和大家一起分享知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)。找一個(gè)符合你興趣和學(xué)習(xí)方式的社區(qū)。在那里你可以從其他學(xué)習(xí)者身上找到鼓勵(lì)、建議和動(dòng)力，同時(shí)也有導(dǎo)師、老師和教練給你提供支持。在這些社區(qū)中，你能更好地檢驗(yàn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)度、也可以和其他學(xué)習(xí)者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。甚至，你還可以教授或幫助其他人，這的確是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的好方法!

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